The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today released clarifying information aimed at ensuring data centers and power companies have the reliable power necessary to maintain America’s leading position in artificial intelligence (AI).
In the form of frequently asked questions (FAQs) with specific guidance, the EPA addressed the critical need for consistent and affordable power that underpins the operation of energy-intensive data centers. Any disruption to this power supply can have severe consequences, highlighting the importance of grid reliability.
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To address these concerns, the EPA has provided a regulatory interpretation of the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) while simultaneously evaluating more substantial long-term changes. This interpretation allows certain engines to operate for up to 50 hours annually in non-emergency situations to supply power to the national grid and maintain reliable service as part of a financial agreement with another entity.
“The Trump Administration is taking action to rectify the previous Administration’s actions to weaken the reliability of the electricity grid and our ability to maintain our leadership on artificial intelligence,” stated EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin. “This is the first, and certainly not the last step, and I look forward to continuing to work with artificial intelligence and data center companies and utilities to resolve any outstanding challenges and make the U.S. the AI capital of the world.”
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This move aligns with Administrator Zeldin’s Powering the Great American Comeback Initiative, a broader effort by the EPA to collaborate with partners to harness all forms of domestic energy. The initiative aims to drive down energy costs, increase energy supply, and strengthen the security of the nation’s power grid.
The EPA’s action follows a request submitted on January 15, 2025, by Duke Energy. The energy company sought clarification on whether their PowerShare Mandatory 50 demand program met the criteria for the operation of stationary emergency engines under existing EPA regulations. The EPA’s regulatory interpretation has now confirmed that Duke Energy’s program is indeed compliant.
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) are widely used across various sectors, from electricity generation to powering essential equipment in power and manufacturing plants. These engines also play a crucial role during emergency events such as fires or floods. Thousands of these engines are currently in operation nationwide.
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